綠色低碳轉型！中電聯發布《中國電力行業年度發展報告2023》
發布時間：2023-07-10 作者：本站編輯瀏覽次數：
7月7日，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)力企(qi)(qi)業(ye)聯合會(hui)（以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)(cheng)“中(zhong)電(dian)聯”）發(fa)(fa)(fa)布《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)力行業(ye)年(nian)度發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報告2023》（以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)(cheng)“《報告2023》”），向全社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)布2022年(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)力行業(ye)基本數據，這是中(zhong)電(dian)聯連續第17年(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)布年(nian)度發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報告。《報告2023》以電(dian)力行業(ye)統計與(yu)調查數據為依據，結(jie)合企(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)相關機構提供的珍貴資料，全面、客(ke)觀、準確反映中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)力行業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)改革(ge)現狀(zhuang)。
《報告2023》共14章，重點反映了2022年電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)消費與(yu)需求側(ce)管(guan)理、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)生(sheng)產與(yu)供需、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)投資與(yu)建(jian)(jian)設、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市場建(jian)(jian)設、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)新業態、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)安(an)全與(yu)可靠(kao)性、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)綠色發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)經(jing)營(ying)、國際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)合(he)作及(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)、科技與(yu)數字(zi)化(hua)(hua)等情況(kuang)，并展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)望了2023年及(ji)(ji)中長(chang)期電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。
2022年，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)行業堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)以習(xi)近平(ping)新(xin)時代中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特色社會主義思(si)想為指(zhi)導(dao)，全(quan)面貫(guan)徹(che)(che)黨(dang)的二(er)十大精神，認(ren)真落(luo)實黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央、國(guo)務院(yuan)決(jue)策部署，深入貫(guan)徹(che)(che)能源(yuan)安全(quan)新(xin)戰略，積(ji)極穩妥推(tui)(tui)(tui)進碳達峰(feng)碳中(zhong)(zhong)和，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動構建(jian)新(xin)型(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系統，助力(li)(li)規(gui)劃建(jian)設(she)新(xin)型(xing)能源(yuan)體(ti)系，積(ji)極參(can)與(yu)應(ying)對氣候變化(hua)(hua)全(quan)球(qiu)治理(li)，協同(tong)作(zuo)戰、攻堅(jian)(jian)克難，全(quan)力(li)(li)保供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、促轉型(xing)、強創(chuang)新(xin)、謀(mou)改革，與(yu)時俱進推(tui)(tui)(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)高質量發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)實踐。綜合(he)施策確保電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)應(ying)安全(quan)，堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)政企協同(tong)聯動、源(yuan)網荷儲協同(tong)發(fa)力(li)(li)，有效緩解(jie)了(le)迎峰(feng)度(du)夏和迎峰(feng)度(du)冬(dong)期間部分地區(qu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張局面，守牢(lao)了(le)民(min)生用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全(quan)底(di)線。牢(lao)牢(lao)把握碳達峰(feng)碳中(zhong)(zhong)和重(zhong)大任(ren)務，深入推(tui)(tui)(tui)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)綠色低碳轉型(xing)，終端用能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)(hua)水平(ping)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)新(xin)能源(yuan)優(you)化(hua)(hua)組合(he)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)投資(zi)加(jia)快釋放，一批(pi)重(zhong)大項目建(jian)成(cheng)投運，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動能源(yuan)生產和消費方式深刻(ke)變革。發(fa)揮(hui)創(chuang)新(xin)驅動效能，加(jia)快推(tui)(tui)(tui)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)科技(ji)自(zi)立自(zi)強，在海上風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、新(xin)型(xing)儲能、特高壓(ya)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等領(ling)域(yu)創(chuang)造(zao)了(le)一批(pi)重(zhong)大科技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)成(cheng)果，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)產業鏈供(gong)應(ying)鏈現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)水平(ping)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。堅(jian)(jian)持(chi)市場(chang)化(hua)(hua)改革總方向，建(jian)設(she)統一電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)市場(chang)體(ti)系取得重(zhong)要(yao)進展(zhan)，市場(chang)交(jiao)易規(gui)模加(jia)速擴大，綠電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交(jiao)易需求穩步增長，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)體(ti)制改革走深走實。積(ji)極開(kai)創(chuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)國(guo)際(ji)合(he)作(zuo)新(xin)局面，加(jia)強與(yu)“一帶一路”國(guo)家綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)合(he)作(zuo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)境外(wai)投資(zi)低碳化(hua)(hua)態勢(shi)清(qing)晰顯現(xian)，建(jian)立多個高端合(he)作(zuo)交(jiao)流平(ping)臺，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動我國(guo)在國(guo)際(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)舞臺的影響力(li)(li)不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)。
在(zai)電(dian)力消(xiao)費方面(mian)，2022年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)量86369億千瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長3.6%，增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)回(hui)落6.7個(ge)百(bai)分點；全(quan)(quan)國人(ren)均用(yong)電(dian)量6116千瓦(wa)時(shi)/人(ren)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)加217千瓦(wa)時(shi)/人(ren)。根據國家電(dian)力調度(du)控(kong)制中(zhong)心統(tong)計，全(quan)(quan)國電(dian)網(wang)統(tong)調最高(gao)(gao)用(yong)電(dian)負(fu)荷(he)12.9億千瓦(wa)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長6.3%，增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)回(hui)落1.6個(ge)百(bai)分點，最大負(fu)荷(he)增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)高(gao)(gao)于全(quan)(quan)社(she)會用(yong)電(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)。
在電(dian)力生產供應方面，截(jie)至2022年(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)256733萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)8.0%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)升(sheng)0.2個百(bai)分點(dian)。其中(zhong)，并網(wang)風電(dian)36564萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.2%；并網(wang)太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)39268萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)28.1%，新能(neng)源發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)勢(shi)強勁。2022年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)86939億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)3.6%。其中(zhong)煤電(dian)50792億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，占全(quan)(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)的58.4%，煤電(dian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮(hui)了電(dian)力供應基(ji)礎保障作用(yong)。初步統計，截(jie)至2022年(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)電(dian)網(wang)220千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及以上(shang)(shang)(shang)輸(shu)電(dian)線路回路長(chang)度(du)88萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)米，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)2.6%；全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)電(dian)網(wang)220千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)及以上(shang)(shang)(shang)公用(yong)變電(dian)設備容(rong)量(liang)(liang)51億千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)安，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)3.4%；全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)跨(kua)區輸(shu)電(dian)能(neng)力達到18815萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)9.3%。2022年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)跨(kua)區送電(dian)量(liang)(liang)完成7674億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)7.3%，電(dian)網(wang)輸(shu)配電(dian)能(neng)力不斷增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)強。
在電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)方(fang)面，2022年2月，少(shao)數(shu)省(sheng)份(fen)在部(bu)分用電(dian)高峰(feng)時段電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)平(ping)衡偏緊(jin)；7、8月，全(quan)(quan)國有21個省(sheng)級電(dian)網(wang)用電(dian)負荷(he)創(chuang)新高，電(dian)力(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)形(xing)勢嚴峻，全(quan)(quan)國日最大錯避峰(feng)負荷(he)超過5000萬千瓦(wa)；12月，少(shao)數(shu)省(sheng)份(fen)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)形(xing)勢較為緊(jin)張。國家高度(du)重視并出臺一系列能源電(dian)力(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)措施，電(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)業全(quan)(quan)面深(shen)入貫徹(che)黨中央(yang)、國務院能源電(dian)力(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)要求，堅持政企協同(tong)聯(lian)動、源網(wang)荷(he)儲(chu)協同(tong)發(fa)力(li)(li)，通過提升機(ji)組頂峰(feng)發(fa)電(dian)能力(li)(li)、加強省(sheng)間余(yu)缺互濟、實施負荷(he)側管理等(deng)措施，有效緩解迎峰(feng)度(du)夏和迎峰(feng)度(du)冬期間部(bu)分地區供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)緊(jin)張局面，守牢民生(sheng)用電(dian)安全(quan)(quan)底線，為經(jing)濟社會發(fa)展和人民美好生(sheng)活提供(gong)(gong)(gong)堅強電(dian)力(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)障。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力投(tou)資(zi)與建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方面，2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力企業合計完(wan)(wan)成投(tou)資(zi)12470億(yi)元，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)15.6%。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)完(wan)(wan)成投(tou)資(zi)7464億(yi)元，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)27.2%。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)完(wan)(wan)成投(tou)資(zi)5006億(yi)元，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)1.8%。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)投(tou)資(zi)加速釋放(fang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)投(tou)資(zi)維(wei)持較高水平。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)容量(liang)20298萬千(qian)瓦(wa)，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)13.3%。風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)太(tai)(tai)陽能發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)合計新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)繼續(xu)突破(po)1億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)部新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)比重62.5%。其(qi)中(zhong)，太(tai)(tai)陽能發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)8821萬千(qian)瓦(wa)，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)61.7%，創歷(li)史新高，分(fen)布式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)容量(liang)5111萬千(qian)瓦(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)裝機(ji)容量(liang)的60%左右，集中(zhong)式與分(fen)布式開(kai)發并(bing)舉(ju)。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)交流110千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)及(ji)以上(shang)(shang)輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路長(chang)度60170千(qian)米，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)15.7%，新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)容量(liang)35320萬千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)安，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)4.9%，華中(zhong)特高壓網(wang)架加快構(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)，川(chuan)渝(yu)特高壓交流工程(cheng)開(kai)工建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)，適應城(cheng)鄉負荷增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)和(he)新能源(yuan)(yuan)快速發展的220千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)及(ji)以下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)持續(xu)推進，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)布局持續(xu)優化。
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)綠色低(di)碳(tan)(tan)轉型方面，截(jie)至(zhi)2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，全國(guo)全口徑(jing)非化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)127548萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)14.0%，增速比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)提升0.6個百分(fen)點，非化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)49.7%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)提高(gao)2.6個百分(fen)點。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)非化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)31443億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)8.6%，占總發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)36.2%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)提高(gao)1.7個百分(fen)點。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)6000千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)及以上火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標準煤(mei)耗300.7克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低(di)1.0克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時；全國(guo)6000千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)及以上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠廠用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)率4.49%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)增加0.13個百分(fen)點；全國(guo)線損率4.82%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低(di)0.43個百分(fen)點，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)能(neng)效指標持續向好。截(jie)至(zhi)2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，全國(guo)達(da)到超低(di)排(pai)放(fang)限值的煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)約(yue)(yue)10.5億(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，占煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝(zhuang)機容量(liang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)約(yue)(yue)94%。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)單(dan)位(wei)火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)二氧化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)約(yue)(yue)824克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時，比(bi)(bi)(bi)2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低(di)21.4%；全國(guo)單(dan)位(wei)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)二氧化(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)約(yue)(yue)541克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)時，比(bi)(bi)(bi)2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低(di)36.9%。截(jie)至(zhi)2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，全國(guo)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)權交(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)市場（發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)行業）碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放(fang)配額（CEA）累計成交(jiao)(jiao)量(liang)2.30億(yi)(yi)噸，累計成交(jiao)(jiao)額超過104.75億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)。其(qi)中，2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)合計成交(jiao)(jiao)量(liang)0.51億(yi)(yi)噸，合計成交(jiao)(jiao)額超過28.1億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，綜合成交(jiao)(jiao)均價55.30元(yuan)/噸。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)碳(tan)(tan)減排(pai)取(qu)得顯(xian)著成效，全國(guo)碳(tan)(tan)市場建設扎實推進(jin)。
在電(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)建設方面，2022年(nian)(nian)，經過持續深化電(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)建設，已基(ji)本建成(cheng)了“統一市場(chang)、協同(tong)運作”的電(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)基(ji)本架(jia)構(gou)，形成(cheng)了銜(xian)接(jie)省間、省內，覆蓋全(quan)國(guo)范圍、全(quan)類型周(zhou)期、不同(tong)交易(yi)品種的市場(chang)體(ti)系(xi)，全(quan)國(guo)統一電(dian)(dian)力(li)市場(chang)體(ti)系(xi)建設取得重(zhong)要進展(zhan)。2022年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)各電(dian)(dian)力(li)交易(yi)中心累計組織完成(cheng)市場(chang)交易(yi)電(dian)(dian)量52543億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，比上年(nian)(nian)增長39.0%，占(zhan)全(quan)社會用電(dian)(dian)量的60.8%，比上年(nian)(nian)提高15.4個(ge)百(bai)分點，市場(chang)化程度進一步提高。
根(gen)據《報告2023》預(yu)計，2023年全社會用電(dian)量增(zeng)速在6%左右(you)，全年全國電(dian)力供(gong)需總體(ti)緊平衡(heng)，部分區(qu)域部分時段(duan)電(dian)力供(gong)需偏緊。
為深入、系(xi)統、專業地展(zhan)示電(dian)力行業各專業領(ling)域發展(zhan)情況，中電(dian)聯還同時組織(zhi)編撰了電(dian)力供需分析、國際合(he)作、電(dian)力工(gong)程建設質(zhi)量、標準化(hua)、可靠性、人(ren)才、造價管(guan)理、電(dian)氣化(hua)、數(shu)字化(hua)等(deng)專業領(ling)域的系(xi)列(lie)專業報(bao)告(gao)，構建了完善(shan)的1+N年度發展(zhan)報(bao)告(gao)體系(xi)。
2022年(nian)(nian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)堅(jian)持以習近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)社(she)會主義思想為指(zhi)導，全(quan)面(mian)貫徹(che)黨的二十大(da)(da)(da)精神(shen)，認真落(luo)實(shi)(shi)黨中(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)務院決策部署，深入貫徹(che)能(neng)源(yuan)安全(quan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)戰略，積(ji)極穩妥推(tui)進碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中(zhong)和，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)構建新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統，助力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)規劃建設新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型能(neng)源(yuan)體(ti)系(xi)，積(ji)極參與應(ying)(ying)對(dui)氣候變化(hua)全(quan)球(qiu)治理，協(xie)(xie)同作(zuo)戰、攻(gong)堅(jian)克難，全(quan)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、促轉(zhuan)型、強(qiang)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、謀(mou)改革，與時俱進推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發展新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)實(shi)(shi)踐。綜合(he)施策確保(bao)(bao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)供應(ying)(ying)安全(quan)，堅(jian)持政(zheng)企協(xie)(xie)同聯動(dong)(dong)、源(yuan)網荷儲協(xie)(xie)同發力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，有效緩解了(le)(le)迎峰度夏和迎峰度冬(dong)期間部分地(di)區供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張局(ju)面(mian)，守(shou)牢(lao)了(le)(le)民生(sheng)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全(quan)底線。牢(lao)牢(lao)把握碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中(zhong)和重大(da)(da)(da)任務，深入推(tui)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)轉(zhuan)型，終端用(yong)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)水(shui)平(ping)不(bu)斷提(ti)升(sheng)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)優(you)化(hua)組合(he)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)投(tou)資加快(kuai)釋放，一(yi)(yi)批重大(da)(da)(da)項(xiang)目(mu)建成(cheng)投(tou)運，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)源(yuan)生(sheng)產和消費方(fang)式深刻變革。發揮(hui)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)效能(neng)，加快(kuai)推(tui)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)科技自立(li)(li)自強(qiang)，在(zai)海(hai)上風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型儲能(neng)、特高(gao)壓輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等領(ling)域創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)造(zao)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)批重大(da)(da)(da)科技創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)成(cheng)果，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)產業(ye)鏈(lian)供應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)水(shui)平(ping)不(bu)斷提(ti)升(sheng)。堅(jian)持市場化(hua)改革總方(fang)向，建設統一(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)市場體(ti)系(xi)取得重要進展，市場交易規模加速(su)擴大(da)(da)(da)，綠電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)交易需求穩步增長(chang)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)制改革走深走實(shi)(shi)。積(ji)極開(kai)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)國(guo)(guo)際合(he)作(zuo)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)局(ju)面(mian)，加強(qiang)與“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”國(guo)(guo)家綠色(se)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)合(he)作(zuo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)境外投(tou)資低(di)碳(tan)化(hua)態勢清晰顯(xian)現(xian)，建立(li)(li)多(duo)個高(gao)端合(he)作(zuo)交流平(ping)臺，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)舞臺的影響(xiang)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)斷提(ti)升(sheng)。2022年(nian)(nian)恰逢中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)140周(zhou)年(nian)(nian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)弘揚“忠誠(cheng)擔(dan)當、求實(shi)(shi)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)、追求卓越、奉獻(xian)光明”的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)精神(shen)，努力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)走出一(yi)(yi)條具有中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)發展之路(lu)，以強(qiang)大(da)(da)(da)的精神(shen)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)量(liang)(liang)引領(ling)行(xing)業(ye)高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發展，為全(quan)面(mian)建設社(she)會主義現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)國(guo)(guo)家提(ti)供堅(jian)強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)保(bao)(bao)障。全(quan)社(she)(she)會用(yong)電量同比(bi)增(zeng)長3.6%，最大負荷增(zeng)速高于(yu)全(quan)社(she)(she)會用(yong)電量增(zeng)速。2022年(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)全(quan)(quan)社會(hui)用電量86369億千瓦時，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)3.6%，增(zeng)(zeng)速比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)回落6.7個百分點；全(quan)(quan)國(guo)人(ren)均用電量6116千瓦時/人(ren)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)加217千瓦時/人(ren)。根據國(guo)家電力調(diao)度控制(zhi)中(zhong)心統計，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)電網統調(diao)最高用電負荷12.9億千瓦，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)6.3%，增(zeng)(zeng)速比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)回落1.6個百分點。第二(er)產業(ye)保持用電主體地位，用電結構持續優(you)化(hua)。2022年，第一產(chan)(chan)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)1147億千瓦時(shi)，占全社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)1.3%，比上(shang)年提高(gao)0.1個百分(fen)點(dian)；第二產(chan)(chan)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)56991億千瓦時(shi)，占全社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)66.0%，比上(shang)年降低(di)1.5個百分(fen)點(dian)；第三產(chan)(chan)業用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)14862億千瓦時(shi)，占全社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)17.2%，比上(shang)年提高(gao)0.1個百分(fen)點(dian)；城(cheng)鄉(xiang)居(ju)民生活用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)13369億千瓦時(shi)，占全社(she)會(hui)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)的(de)15.5%，比上(shang)年提高(gao)1.3個百分(fen)點(dian)。電能替代穩步(bu)有(you)序推進。2022年(nian)，各地(di)區統籌電(dian)氣化(hua)發展與電(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)應保障(zhang)，匹配新增(zeng)用電(dian)需(xu)求(qiu)與電(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)應能力(li)，安排各類電(dian)能替(ti)代項(xiang)目建設(she)時序，全年(nian)完成(cheng)替(ti)代電(dian)量684.3億千瓦時，替(ti)代電(dian)量占(zhan)用電(dian)增(zeng)量比重22.7%。發電(dian)裝(zhuang)機容量同(tong)比增長8.0%，新能源發電(dian)增勢強勁。截至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，全國全口徑(jing)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機(ji)容(rong)量(liang)256733萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)8.0%，增速比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提升0.2個(ge)百分(fen)點(dian)。其中，水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)41406萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)5.9%（抽水蓄(xu)能4579萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)25.8%）；火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)133320萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)2.8%（煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)112435萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)1.3%；氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)11565萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)6.2%）；核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)5553萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)4.3%；并(bing)網風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)36564萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)11.2%；并(bing)網太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)39268萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)28.1%。發電(dian)量(liang)平穩增長，煤電(dian)發揮了電(dian)力(li)供應基礎(chu)保障作用，新能源(yuan)成為(wei)我(wo)國(guo)新增發電(dian)量(liang)的主體。2022年，全(quan)(quan)國全(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)(jing)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)86939億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.6%。其中(zhong),水電(dian)(dian)(dian)13517億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)0.9%，占全(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)(jing)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)15.5%；火電(dian)(dian)(dian)57337億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.2%，煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)占全(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)(jing)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)58.4%；核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)4178億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)2.5%，占全(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)(jing)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)4.8%；并網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)7624億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，受海(hai)上風電(dian)(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)較快的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)，比(bi)上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)16.3%，占全(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)(jing)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)8.8%；并網太陽能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)4276億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)30.8%，占全(quan)(quan)口徑(jing)(jing)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)4.9%。電(dian)網輸配(pei)電(dian)能力不(bu)斷增強(qiang)。初步統(tong)計，截至2022年(nian)底，全國(guo)(guo)(guo)電網(wang)220千(qian)伏(fu)及(ji)以上(shang)輸電線路(lu)回路(lu)長(chang)度88萬(wan)千(qian)米，比上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)2.6%；全國(guo)(guo)(guo)電網(wang)220千(qian)伏(fu)及(ji)以上(shang)公用(yong)變電設備容量51億千(qian)伏(fu)安，比上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)3.4%；全國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨區輸電能(neng)力達到18815萬(wan)千(qian)瓦，比上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)9.3%。2022年(nian)，全國(guo)(guo)(guo)跨區送(song)電量完成7674億千(qian)瓦時，比上(shang)年(nian)增長(chang)7.3%。全(quan)國電力供需(xu)總(zong)體緊平衡，綜合(he)施策確保電力供應安全(quan)。2022年2月(yue)，少(shao)(shao)數省(sheng)份在部(bu)分(fen)用(yong)電(dian)高(gao)峰時段電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)平衡(heng)偏(pian)緊；7、8月(yue)，全國有(you)21個(ge)省(sheng)級電(dian)網用(yong)電(dian)負(fu)荷(he)創新高(gao)，電(dian)力(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)形勢(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)峻，全國日(ri)最(zui)大錯避峰負(fu)荷(he)超過5000萬千瓦(wa)；12月(yue)，少(shao)(shao)數省(sheng)份電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形勢(shi)(shi)較為(wei)緊張(zhang)。分(fen)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)看，華北(bei)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)總體(ti)平衡(heng)；東北(bei)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)總體(ti)平衡(heng)有(you)余；華東區(qu)(qu)域(yu)夏季電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形勢(shi)(shi)緊張(zhang)，浙江、江蘇、安(an)(an)徽、上海部(bu)分(fen)時段采(cai)取(qu)負(fu)荷(he)管理(li)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)；華中區(qu)(qu)域(yu)夏季電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形勢(shi)(shi)緊張(zhang)，四川、重(zhong)慶、湖北(bei)、湖南、河(he)南、江西部(bu)分(fen)時段采(cai)取(qu)負(fu)荷(he)管理(li)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)，其中四川供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形勢(shi)(shi)尤為(wei)嚴(yan)峻；西北(bei)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)總體(ti)平衡(heng)；南方區(qu)(qu)域(yu)夏季和(he)冬(dong)季電(dian)力(li)(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形勢(shi)(shi)緊張(zhang)，廣(guang)東、廣(guang)西、云南、貴州(zhou)(zhou)在夏季啟動多輪次電(dian)力(li)(li)需(xu)(xu)求響應，貴州(zhou)(zhou)、云南在冬(dong)季部(bu)分(fen)時段采(cai)取(qu)負(fu)荷(he)管理(li)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)。國家高(gao)度重(zhong)視并出臺一系(xi)列能(neng)源電(dian)力(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)，電(dian)力(li)(li)行業全面深入貫(guan)徹黨中央(yang)、國務院能(neng)源電(dian)力(li)(li)保供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要求，堅(jian)持(chi)政(zheng)企協同聯(lian)動、源網荷(he)儲協同發(fa)力(li)(li)，通(tong)過提(ti)升機組(zu)頂(ding)峰發(fa)電(dian)能(neng)力(li)(li)、加強省(sheng)間余缺互濟(ji)、實施(shi)負(fu)荷(he)側(ce)管理(li)等(deng)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)，有(you)效緩(huan)解迎峰度夏和(he)迎峰度冬(dong)期間部(bu)分(fen)地區(qu)(qu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)緊張(zhang)局面，守牢民生用(yong)電(dian)安(an)(an)全底線，為(wei)經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會發(fa)展和(he)人民美好生活提(ti)供(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)堅(jian)強電(dian)力(li)(li)保障。電(dian)源投(tou)資加速釋放(fang)，電(dian)網(wang)投(tou)資維(wei)持較(jiao)高水平。2022年(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)主(zhu)要電(dian)(dian)力企業合計完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)12470億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長15.6%。全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)工程(cheng)建設完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)7464億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長27.2%。其中，水(shui)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)872億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)下降25.7%，白鶴灘(tan)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)全部機組投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)產(chan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)、金沙(sha)江下游水(shui)電(dian)(dian)基地(di)全面建成，拉高(gao)了去(qu)年(nian)(nian)同期對比(bi)(bi)基數，導致水(shui)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)下降；火電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)895億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長26.4%；核電(dian)(dian)785億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長45.7%；風電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)2011億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)下降22.3%，中央財政補貼取消帶(dai)動海上(shang)風電(dian)(dian)逐步(bu)轉向市場化競配(pei)、平價上(shang)網(wang)的新發(fa)展階段，短期內對產(chan)業投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)生抑制作(zuo)用，導致風電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)下降；太(tai)陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)2865億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長232.7%。全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)工程(cheng)建設完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)5006億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長1.8%。其中，直流工程(cheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)316億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)下降17.0%；交流工程(cheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)4505億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長3.7%，占(zhan)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)總投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的90.0%。新能源集中式與分布式開發并舉。2022年，全國(guo)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容量(liang)20298萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)13.3%。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)合計新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)繼(ji)續突(tu)破1億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，占全部新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)比重62.5%。分(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源類(lei)型(xing)看，水電(dian)(dian)(dian)2371萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)（抽水蓄能(neng)880萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)），比上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)1.0%；火電(dian)(dian)(dian)4568萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)（煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)2920萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)649萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)），比上年下(xia)(xia)降7.5%；核電(dian)(dian)(dian)228萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比上年下(xia)(xia)降32.9%；風電(dian)(dian)(dian)3861萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比上年下(xia)(xia)降19.0%，新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)以集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)式(shi)風電(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)絕(jue)對主體，主要集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在風資源條件良好(hao)的(de)(de)華北、西北和(he)東(dong)南沿海地區(qu)；太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)8821萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，比上年增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)61.7%，創歷史新(xin)高，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)布式(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容量(liang)5111萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)，占光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)容量(liang)的(de)(de)60%左右，新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)戶用光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)主要分(fen)布在農村地區(qu)。電網建設布局持續優化(hua)。2022年(nian)，全國新(xin)增(zeng)交流110千伏及以(yi)(yi)上(shang)輸(shu)電(dian)線路長度(du)60170千米(mi)，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長15.7%，新(xin)增(zeng)變電(dian)設備容(rong)(rong)量(liang)35320萬千伏安，比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長4.9%，華中(zhong)特(te)(te)高壓(ya)網(wang)架加(jia)快構建(jian)(jian)，川渝(yu)特(te)(te)高壓(ya)交流工程開工建(jian)(jian)設，適(shi)應城(cheng)鄉(xiang)負(fu)荷增(zeng)長和新(xin)能源快速發展(zhan)的220千伏及以(yi)(yi)下(xia)電(dian)網(wang)建(jian)(jian)設持續推進；全國新(xin)投產(chan)(chan)直(zhi)流輸(shu)電(dian)線路2223千米(mi)，新(xin)投產(chan)(chan)換流容(rong)(rong)量(liang)1800萬千瓦，分別(bie)比上(shang)年(nian)下(xia)降21.7%和43.8%，建(jian)(jian)成白鶴灘(tan)(tan)-江蘇(su)、白鶴灘(tan)(tan)-浙江特(te)(te)高壓(ya)直(zhi)流輸(shu)電(dian)工程。電(dian)源結構優(you)化調(diao)整步伐(fa)加快(kuai)。截至2022年(nian)底，全國全口(kou)徑非(fei)化石(shi)能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機容量127548萬(wan)千瓦，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增長14.0%，增速比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)提升0.6個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點，非(fei)化石(shi)能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝機容量比(bi)(bi)重49.7%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)提高(gao)2.6個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點；煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝機容量比(bi)(bi)重43.8%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)降低2.9個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點。2022年(nian)，全國非(fei)化石(shi)能源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量31443億千瓦時，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增長8.6%，占(zhan)總發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量比(bi)(bi)重36.2%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)提高(gao)1.7個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點；煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)占(zhan)總發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量比(bi)(bi)重比(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)降低1.6個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點。電(dian)力能效指標持續向好，污(wu)染物排放(fang)控(kong)制水平進一(yi)步提升(sheng)。2022年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國6000千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)火(huo)電(dian)廠供(gong)電(dian)標準煤耗300.7克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低1.0克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)；全(quan)(quan)國6000千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)電(dian)廠廠用電(dian)率(lv)4.49%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增加(jia)0.13個百分(fen)(fen)(fen)點；全(quan)(quan)國線損率(lv)4.82%，比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低0.43個百分(fen)(fen)(fen)點。截(jie)至2022年(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)(quan)國達到超低排(pai)放(fang)限值(zhi)的煤電(dian)機(ji)組(zu)約(yue)10.5億千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)，占(zhan)煤電(dian)總裝機(ji)容(rong)量比(bi)(bi)重約(yue)94%。2022年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國電(dian)力煙塵、二氧(yang)(yang)化硫、氮氧(yang)(yang)化物(wu)排(pai)放(fang)量分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)約(yue)9.9萬(wan)、47.6萬(wan)、76.2萬(wan)噸，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)比(bi)(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低19.4%、13.0%、11.6%；全(quan)(quan)國單位火(huo)電(dian)發(fa)電(dian)量煙塵、二氧(yang)(yang)化硫、氮氧(yang)(yang)化物(wu)排(pai)放(fang)量分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)約(yue)為17毫克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)、83毫克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)、133毫克(ke)/千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)。電力碳減排取(qu)得顯著(zhu)成效，全國碳市場建設扎實推(tui)進。2022年(nian)，全國(guo)(guo)單位火電發(fa)(fa)電量二(er)氧化(hua)(hua)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)約824克/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)2005年(nian)降低21.4%；全國(guo)(guo)單位發(fa)(fa)電量二(er)氧化(hua)(hua)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)約541克/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)2005年(nian)降低36.9%。以2005年(nian)為基準年(nian)，從2006年(nian)到(dao)2022年(nian)，電力行(xing)業累計(ji)減少二(er)氧化(hua)(hua)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)量約247.3億噸(dun)。其中，非化(hua)(hua)石能源發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、降低供(gong)電煤(mei)耗(hao)、降低線損率(lv)減排(pai)貢獻率(lv)分(fen)別達到(dao)57.3%、40.5%、2.2%。截至(zhi)2022年(nian)底，全國(guo)(guo)碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)權(quan)交(jiao)(jiao)易市場（發(fa)(fa)電行(xing)業）碳(tan)排(pai)放(fang)配額(e)（CEA）累計(ji)成交(jiao)(jiao)量2.30億噸(dun)，累計(ji)成交(jiao)(jiao)額(e)超過104.75億元。其中，2022年(nian)合計(ji)成交(jiao)(jiao)量0.51億噸(dun)，合計(ji)成交(jiao)(jiao)額(e)超過28.1億元，綜合成交(jiao)(jiao)均(jun)價55.30元/噸(dun)。電力(li)新(xin)業態蓬勃發展(zhan)。新型(xing)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)展(zhan)在政(zheng)策體系(xi)構建、技(ji)術裝備研發(fa)、示范(fan)項目建設、商(shang)業(ye)模式探索等領域持續(xu)推進，截至(zhi)2022年(nian)底，全(quan)國電(dian)力安全(quan)生(sheng)產委員(yuan)會19家企業(ye)成員(yuan)單位累計投運電(dian)化學儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)站472座、總功(gong)率(lv)689萬(wan)(wan)千瓦、總能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量1405萬(wan)(wan)千瓦時、比上(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長126.8%。電(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)基礎設施(shi)進入規模化發(fa)展(zhan)、商(shang)業(ye)化應(ying)用階段(duan)，純電(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)保(bao)有量突破1000萬(wan)(wan)輛，截至(zhi)2022年(nian)底，全(quan)國充(chong)(chong)電(dian)基礎設施(shi)保(bao)有量521萬(wan)(wan)臺、達到2021年(nian)的近兩倍(bei)。多能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)供應(ying)、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)效提升、增(zeng)值(zhi)服(fu)務(wu)等綜合能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源服(fu)務(wu)業(ye)務(wu)融(rong)合發(fa)展(zhan)態(tai)勢持續(xu)向好(hao)，涌(yong)現出能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源托(tuo)管、區域能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源運營(ying)等新商(shang)業(ye)模式。六(liu)、電力科技(ji)創(chuang)新與(yu)數字(zi)化電源(yuan)、電網、儲能協(xie)同創新取得新突破。2022年，在新能源領域，全球單機容量最大的16兆瓦海上風電機組“率先號”下線，揭陽神泉二海上風電項目全球商用最大單機容量11兆瓦風電機組實現并網發電。在新型儲能領域，世界首座非補燃壓縮空氣儲能電站——江蘇金壇鹽穴壓縮空氣儲能國家試驗示范項目投產。在(zai)電網領域，高端輸變電裝備、柔性直流輸電關鍵技術、電力系統分析與保護技術、新能源發電主動支撐技術、國產電力芯片技術、超導輸電技術等領域取得系列重大創新成果；我國(guo)自主研發生產的(de)世界(jie)最大規模(mo)的(de)新能(neng)源(yuan)分布式調(diao)相(xiang)機群——青(qing)豫(yu)直流(liu)特高壓工程一期配套(tao)電源(yuan)點21臺50兆乏(fa)分布式調(diao)相(xiang)機項目全部并網投(tou)運。2022年，電力行業獲得中國專利獎金獎6項，電力創新獎（技術類）174項，獲得電力科學技術獎139項。電力數字化發(fa)展持續推進(jin)。2022年(nian)，電(dian)力(li)(li)行業(ye)加快(kuai)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化轉型(xing)，加強(qiang)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)基礎設施建設，實施關鍵核(he)心數(shu)(shu)字(zi)技術攻(gong)關，推動電(dian)力(li)(li)信息(xi)技術創新應(ying)用，激(ji)活數(shu)(shu)據要素(su)潛(qian)能，加快(kuai)推進數(shu)(shu)字(zi)技術與電(dian)力(li)(li)全業(ye)務、各環(huan)節深度(du)融(rong)合。2022年(nian)，電(dian)力(li)(li)行業(ye)主要電(dian)力(li)(li)企業(ye)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化投入(ru)為(wei)(wei)373.3億(yi)元，比上年(nian)增長22.3%。電(dian)力(li)(li)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化領域的專利(li)數(shu)(shu)量、軟件著作數(shu)(shu)量、獲獎數(shu)(shu)分別為(wei)(wei)2872項、38794項、4971項。全國統一(yi)電力市場體(ti)系建(jian)設(she)取(qu)得重要進展。2022年，已(yi)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)了“統一市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、協(xie)同運(yun)(yun)作”的電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)架(jia)構，形(xing)成(cheng)了銜接省(sheng)間(jian)、省(sheng)內，覆蓋(gai)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國范圍、全(quan)(quan)(quan)類(lei)型周期(qi)、不同交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)品種(zhong)的市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)體系。中長(chang)期(qi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)啟(qi)動連續(xu)運(yun)(yun)營，穩(wen)(wen)定市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)預期(qi)的基(ji)(ji)礎作用得到有效(xiao)發揮(hui)，各省(sheng)中長(chang)期(qi)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量同比持續(xu)增長(chang)，占總交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的比重維持在90%以(yi)上，成(cheng)交(jiao)價格基(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)穩(wen)(wen)定在基(ji)(ji)準(zhun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價上浮8-20%之間(jian)；現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設穩(wen)(wen)步(bu)推進，首批8個電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)現(xian)貨(huo)試(shi)(shi)點均已(yi)啟(qi)動連續(xu)結算試(shi)(shi)運(yun)(yun)行，第二(er)批6個試(shi)(shi)點也(ye)陸續(xu)開展(zhan)(zhan)了模擬(ni)試(shi)(shi)運(yun)(yun)行，初步(bu)建(jian)(jian)立(li)反映實時電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)需(xu)的價格機制；輔(fu)助服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)逐步(bu)完善，全(quan)(quan)(quan)國各電(dian)(dian)(dian)網區域(yu)(yu)實現(xian)輔(fu)助服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋(gai)，普遍建(jian)(jian)設運(yun)(yun)行了區域(yu)(yu)內調峰輔(fu)助服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，部分區域(yu)(yu)開展(zhan)(zhan)了區域(yu)(yu)備用輔(fu)助服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)需(xu)求穩(wen)(wen)步(bu)增長(chang)，綠(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)規范有序開展(zhan)(zhan)。市場交易電量占全(quan)社會用電量比重60.8%，市場化程度進一步(bu)提高。2022年(nian)(nian)，煤電(dian)(dian)機組計劃全(quan)面放開，工(gong)商業用戶通過直接從市(shi)場(chang)購(gou)電(dian)(dian)或由(you)電(dian)(dian)網公司(si)代理購(gou)電(dian)(dian)方式全(quan)部(bu)進入市(shi)場(chang)，帶動電(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)規模迅(xun)速擴大，全(quan)國各電(dian)(dian)力(li)交(jiao)易(yi)中(zhong)心累計組織完(wan)成(cheng)市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)52543億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)39.0%，占全(quan)社會用電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的60.8%，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)高15.4個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)。其中(zhong)，省(sheng)內市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)合計為42181億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)37.1%；省(sheng)間市(shi)場(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)（中(zhong)長(chang)(chang)期和現貨）合計為10362億千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)47.5%；全(quan)國燃煤發電(dian)(dian)機組市(shi)場(chang)平(ping)均交(jiao)易(yi)價(jia)格達到0.449元/千(qian)瓦(wa)時(shi)(shi)，較全(quan)國平(ping)均基(ji)準電(dian)(dian)價(jia)上(shang)浮約18.3%。截(jie)至2022年(nian)(nian)底，在電(dian)(dian)力(li)交(jiao)易(yi)機構注冊的市(shi)場(chang)主體數量(liang)(liang)61萬家，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長(chang)(chang)30.6%。電力企業經營(ying)逐步恢復向好。截(jie)至2022年(nian)底，國家電(dian)網、南方電(dian)網和內蒙古電(dian)力三家電(dian)網企(qi)業(ye)資產(chan)總(zong)額(e)合計6.17萬(wan)億元(yuan)(yuan)，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長5.2%；中國華能(neng)、中國大(da)(da)唐、中國華電(dian)、國家能(neng)源集團、國家電(dian)投五大(da)(da)發電(dian)集團資產(chan)總(zong)額(e)合計6.84萬(wan)億元(yuan)(yuan)，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長5.2%。2022年(nian)，三家電(dian)網企(qi)業(ye)主營業(ye)務(wu)收入合計4.39萬(wan)億元(yuan)(yuan)，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長19.2%，平(ping)均(jun)資產(chan)負債率為56.5%，比上年(nian)降低0.4個百(bai)分點；五大(da)(da)發電(dian)集團電(dian)力業(ye)務(wu)收入1.51萬(wan)億元(yuan)(yuan)，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長14.6%。煤電托(tuo)底保(bao)供(gong)延續(xu)行業性虧損。2022年(nian)，國(guo)(guo)際能源價(jia)格(ge)(ge)高(gao)位波(bo)動(dong)，疊(die)加國(guo)(guo)內煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭消費需求(qiu)反(fan)彈，帶動(dong)國(guo)(guo)內電(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)價(jia)格(ge)(ge)整體走高(gao)。根據CECI沿海指數統計，2022年(nian)，5500大卡現貨成交價(jia)平均(jun)為1256元(yuan)/噸(dun)，比(bi)上年(nian)上漲249元(yuan)/噸(dun)；5500大卡綜(zong)合(he)價(jia)平均(jun)為883元(yuan)/噸(dun)，比(bi)上年(nian)上漲24元(yuan)/噸(dun)。煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營持續承壓(ya)，五大發(fa)電(dian)集團(tuan)全年(nian)火(huo)電(dian)業(ye)務(wu)經(jing)營總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損803億元(yuan)，其(qi)中(zhong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)業(ye)務(wu)經(jing)營總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損898億元(yuan)；其(qi)他14家大型發(fa)電(dian)企(qi)業(ye)全年(nian)火(huo)電(dian)業(ye)務(wu)經(jing)營總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損130億元(yuan)，其(qi)中(zhong)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電(dian)業(ye)務(wu)經(jing)營總(zong)(zong)(zong)額(e)虧(kui)損153億元(yuan)。電力(li)境外(wai)投資低碳化態勢清晰顯現。截至(zhi)2022年(nian)底，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要(yao)電力企業對外直接投資(zi)(zi)(zi)項目(mu)(mu)共24個，投資(zi)(zi)(zi)總金額(e)33.81億美元，同比(bi)(bi)下降51.4%。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)主(zhu)要(yao)電力企業對外投資(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)要(yao)涉及太(tai)陽(yang)能發電、風電、水電、氣電、礦產資(zi)(zi)(zi)源、交通基礎設(she)施等領域。從項目(mu)(mu)數量看，新(xin)能源是對外投資(zi)(zi)(zi)項目(mu)(mu)數量最多的領域，占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)約58%，其(qi)中(zhong)太(tai)陽(yang)能發電占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)33%，風電占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)25%。電力境(jing)外(wai)工程承包新(xin)簽合(he)同額平穩增(zeng)長。2022年，中國主要電力企(qi)業(ye)年度新簽(qian)訂境外工程承包(bao)合同(tong)項(xiang)目191個，合同(tong)金額327.71億美元，比(bi)上年增長5.1%。新簽(qian)境外工程承包(bao)項(xiang)目涉及58個國家和(he)地區，主要分布在(zai)亞洲和(he)非洲，項(xiang)目占(zhan)比(bi)分別為49%和(he)26%。截至2022年底，中國主要電力企(qi)業(ye)對外工程承包(bao)合同(tong)額3759.71億美元。我國在電力國際標準化(hua)領域的影(ying)響(xiang)力不斷提(ti)升(sheng)。2022年，亞太電(dian)協和瀾湄區(qu)域(yu)等國際區(qu)域(yu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化實踐持續推(tui)進(jin)，中(zhong)日、中(zhong)德(de)無(wu)線(xian)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準與技術、電(dian)動汽(qi)車標(biao)(biao)(biao)準交流順(shun)利開(kai)展。在國際標(biao)(biao)(biao)準制定方面，發(fa)布了(le)《電(dian)動汽(qi)車信息交換 第2部(bu)分(fen)：用(yong)例》（IEC 63119-2）《柔性直流輸電(dian)系統特性 第1部(bu)分(fen)：穩態條件》（IEC TR 63363-1）等11項IEC國際標(biao)(biao)(biao)準,成功立項電(dian)動汽(qi)車ChaoJi直流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)接口、電(dian)力機器(qi)人術語等17項IEC國際標(biao)(biao)(biao)準。十、電力發展(zhan)展(zhan)望(wang)2023年全國電力供需總體緊平(ping)衡。在宏觀經濟運行總體向好的同時，消費需求拉動工業及服務業的回升，以及在電能替代以及終端用能電氣化方面各種政策的推動下，預計全年全社會用電量增速在6%左右。預計2023年全國電(dian)力(li)供需總(zong)體(ti)緊平衡，部分區域部分時段電(dian)力(li)供需偏緊。終(zhong)端(duan)用(yong)能電(dian)氣化水平(ping)持續提升。到2030年，伴(ban)隨著(zhu)工業、建筑、交通等(deng)終(zhong)端用能部門電(dian)能替代(dai)不斷加(jia)強，我國電(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)進程將由目前的電(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)中期(qi)成長階段，進入電(dian)氣(qi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)中期(qi)轉型階段，帶動電(dian)能占(zhan)終(zhong)端能源消(xiao)費比重(zhong)達(da)到35%左右。電(dian)力綠(lv)色低碳轉型步(bu)伐加快(kuai)。到2030年，經濟社(she)會(hui)發展全面綠(lv)色轉型取(qu)得顯著成效，電力綠(lv)色供應水(shui)平進一(yi)步提(ti)升，非(fei)化石(shi)(shi)能源發電裝機占(zhan)比達(da)到60%左(zuo)右，非(fei)化石(shi)(shi)能源發電量占(zhan)比接近50%，非(fei)化石(shi)(shi)發電量增量占(zhan)全社(she)會(hui)用電量增量比重達(da)到90%左(zuo)右。電力系統調節能力需求逐步攀升。隨著(zhu)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)占比(bi)逐(zhu)漸提(ti)(ti)高，煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)逐(zhu)步(bu)向(xiang)基(ji)礎(chu)保(bao)障性(xing)和(he)(he)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)調節(jie)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)轉型(xing)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)多(duo)元化發展(zhan)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統(tong)安(an)全運行的可靠保(bao)障。預計(ji)碳中和(he)(he)階段，水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)同步(bu)機組(zu)容量占最大負荷的80%以(yi)上，其中化石能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)作(zuo)為基(ji)礎(chu)保(bao)障性(xing)和(he)(he)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)調節(jie)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，裝機容量7～8億千瓦(wa)，提(ti)(ti)供支撐保(bao)障。未(wei)來(lai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統(tong)將呈(cheng)現多(duo)種新(xin)型(xing)技術形態并存的格局，大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網將長期作(zuo)為我國電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的基(ji)本(ben)(ben)形態，分布式微網將成(cheng)為有效補充。同時，新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)大規模發展(zhan)需要高度重視系(xi)(xi)統(tong)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)上升(sheng)問題，加快健全完善體(ti)現火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量價值(zhi)和(he)(he)新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)綠色價值(zhi)的成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)疏導(dao)政策(ce)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。
